[Features of unintentional injury in children under the impact of coronavirus disease 2019]. / æ–°åž‹å† çŠ¶ç— æ¯’è‚ºç‚Žç–«æƒ ä¸‹å„¿ç«¥æ„å¤–ä¼¤å®³çš„ç‰¹å¾.

OBJECTIVES: To study the features of unintentional injury in children under the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 2 526 children with unintentional injury in Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 2019 to June 2022. The study period was divided into 5 stages: before the epidemic (July to December, 2019), the Wuhan epidemic period (January to April, 2020), the epidemic remission period in China (May 2020 to February 2022), the Shanghai epidemic period (March to May, 2022), and the epidemic remission period in Shanghai (June 2022). The incidences of unintentional injury in children at different time stages and different ages were compared. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 107 children of the 2 526 children to explore the features of unintentional injury. RESULTS: There were significant differences in gender composition, age, age distribution and proportion of many types of unintentional injuries among the five time stages (P<0.05). There was a reduction in the number of children who attended the emergency department due to unintentional injury during the Wuhan epidemic and the Shanghai epidemic. The proportion of children with trauma-related unintentional injuries in each stage reached more than 50%, and the proportion of children with trauma-related unintentional injuries reached 63.9% and 82.0%, respectively during the Wuhan epidemic and the Shanghai epidemic. Most children suffering from unintentional injury were mainly school-aged and preschool children (1 823 children, 72.17%). Compared with the same period of Shanghai epidemic in 2021, the age of children with unintentional injury was younger (median 7 years vs 11 years), and the proportion of children with trauma-related unintentional injuries increased (97% vs 69%) during the Shanghai epidemic (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Under the COVID-19 epidemic, there is a reduction in the number of children with unintentional injury, while there is an increase in the proportion of children with trauma-related unintentional injuries. Unintentional injury is more common among school-aged and preschool children.

The need for psychological counseling in breast cancer patients before radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic

The aims of this study were to explore the need for psychological counseling in breast cancer patients before radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic, to distinguish which type of psychological guidance they demanded and to investigate the related factors that could be associated with the need for psychological counseling. A total of 112 eligible patients diagnosed with stage I–IV breast cancer who had received surgery were included. The self-rating depression scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), cancer fatigue scale (CFS), and survey for the need for psychological counseling were completed for all subjects prior to radiotherapy. A total of 8.9% and 3.6% of patients suffered from depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 62.5%. Only 12.5% of the patients needed psychological counseling, especially for the type of tumor diagnosis and treatment rather than COVID-19-related protection. The higher the total CFS score was, the lower the need for psychological counseling in breast cancer patients during this pandemic (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.84–0.98). Patients who received 7–8 chemotherapeutic cycles had 6.7 times the risk of needing psychological counseling when compared with those who received 1–6 chemotherapeutic cycles. Fewer breast cancer patients suffered from depression and anxiety before radiotherapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, a large number of patients complained of sleep disturbance and fatigue. The majority of patients did not need psychological counseling. More chemotherapeutic cycles or less fatigue could increase their risk of needing psychological counseling, especially for tumor diagnosis and treatment, but not COVID-19-related protection.

SMRI: A New Method for siRNA Design for COVID-19 Therapy.

First discovered in Wuhan, China, SARS-CoV-2 is a highly pathogenic novel coronavirus, which rapidly spread globally and became a pandemic with no vaccine and limited distinctive clinical drugs available till March 13th, 2020. Ribonucleic Acid interference (RNAi) technology, a gene-silencing technology that targets mRNA, can cause damage to RNA viruses effectively. Here, we report a new efficient small interfering RNA (siRNA) design method named Simple Multiple Rules Intelligent Method (SMRI) to propose a new solution of the treatment of COVID-19. To be specific, this study proposes a new model named Base Preference and Thermodynamic Characteristic model (BPTC model) indicating the siRNA silencing efficiency and a new index named siRNA Extended Rules index (SER index) based on the BPTC model to screen high-efficiency siRNAs and filter out the siRNAs that are difficult to take effect or synthesize as a part of the SMRI method, which is more robust and efficient than the traditional statistical indicators under the same circumstances. Besides, to silence the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 to invade cells, this study further puts forward the SMRI method to search candidate high-efficiency siRNAs on SARS-CoV-2's S gene. This study is one of the early studies applying RNAi therapy to the COVID-19 treatment. According to the analysis, the average value of predicted interference efficiency of the candidate siRNAs designed by the SMRI method is comparable to that of the mainstream siRNA design algorithms. Moreover, the SMRI method ensures that the designed siRNAs have more than three base mismatches with human genes, thus avoiding silencing normal human genes. This is not considered by other mainstream methods, thereby the five candidate high-efficiency siRNAs which are easy to take effect or synthesize and much safer for human body are obtained by our SMRI method, which provide a new safer, small dosage and long efficacy solution for the treatment of COVID-19. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11390-021-0826-x.